diag - diagonal including or extracting

Calling Sequence

[y]=diag(vm, [k])

Parameters

• vm : vector or matrix (full or sparse storage)
• k : integer (default value 0)
• y : vector or matrix

Description

for vm a (row or column) n-vector diag(vm) returns a diagonal matrix with entries of vm along the main diagonal.

diag(vm,k) is a (n+abs(k))x(n+abs(k)) matrix with the entries of vm along the kth diagonal. k=0 is the main diagonal k>0 is for upper diagonals and k<0 for lower diagonals.

For a matrix vm, diag(vm,k) is the column vector made of entries of the kth diagonal of vm. diag(vm) is the main diagonal of vm. diag(diag(x)) is a diagonal matrix.

If vm is a sparse matrix diag(vm,k) returns a sparse matrix.

To construct a diagonal linear system, use sysdiag.

Note that eye(A).*A returns a diagonal matrix made with the diagonal entries of A. This is valid for any matrix (constant, polynomial, rational, state-space linear system,...).

Examples

diag([1,2])

A=[1,2;3,4];
diag(A)  // main diagonal
diag(A,1) 

diag(sparse(1:10))  // sparse diagonal matrix

// form a tridiagonal matrix of size 2*m+1
m=5;diag(-m:m) +  diag(ones(2*m,1),1) +diag(ones(2*m,1),-1)
 

See Also

sysdiag  sparse